Vapor-burning apparatus.



No. 665,|I2.' Patented Jan. l, |901.

I A. KlTsoN.

VAPOR BURNING APPARATUS. (Application med im. 19,'1900.)

`(No4Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet i'.

Fig. J.

No. s65,||2. yPamnfmz jan. l, Ism.

A.' Knson.

-vAPon BURNING APPARATUS.

(Application led Mar. 19, 1900.)

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2,

WITNESSES: INVENTOR,

1H: Nonms Pneus co4, PHomurH'o.. WASHINGTON. 0.1:

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ARTHUR KITSON, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNORTO THE KITSON HYDROCARBON HEATING AND INCANDESCENT LIGHTING COM- PANY, OF SAME PLACE AND CHARLESTON, WEST VIRGINIA.

VAPOR-BURNING APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming' part of Letters Patent N o. 665,112, dated January 1, 1901.

Application filed March 19, 1900. Serial No. 9,133. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ARTHUR KITSON, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, and a resident of Philadelphia, (Germantowm) county of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Vapor-Burning Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to an apparatus burning the vapor of fluid hydrocarbons to produce light or heat; and more specifically it consists of an improved form of vapor-burning apparatus designed to consume unrefined petroleum or crude oil. The difliculties which have heretofore prevented the 'commercial use of crude oil in this form of apparatus have been mainly due to the fact that such crude oil contains tar and a variety of other impurifies which deposit in the vaporizing-chamber, clog the vapor-discharge outlet and other parts of the lamp apparatus, and thus extinguish the flame Within a short period of time after the lamp has been started into operation.

I have discovered that by the yuse of a suitable ltering and preheating apparatus or by the introduction of a separating-chamber in the fuel-supply connections, or by the use of both these features of construction together, it is possible to construct an apparatus which will burn crude oil as it comes from the well4 central section of the vaporizing-tube.

Throughout the drawings like reference- Iigures indicate like parts.

The lamp shown in Fig. 1 has an inclosing casing formed of the annular frame or redector 1, the hemispherical glass globe 2, suspended beneath the same, and the chimney 3, surmounting the same. Within the casing thus formedare one or more vapor-burnersv 4 4, preferably surmounted with incandescent mantles 5 5. These burners are mounted on a ,mixing-tube 6, to which the jet of vapor is injected from the vaporizing-tube 7 through the discharge-orifice 8, located over the mouth of the mixing-tube. The vaporizing-tube 7 is inclined to the horizontal plane, as shown, having its discharge-orifice in the higher end 8 and the fuel-supply inlet at thelower end 9.

The oil or other fluid hydrocarbon is supplied through the tube 10, and in the line of the supply connections I insert a separating-chamber l1. Preferably this separatingchamber is located ou a level below the inlet end 9 of the vaporizing-tube. I prefer also to make the separating-chamber cylindrical in form, with its axis vertical, and to have the fuel-inlet to said separating-chamber tangential to the circumference thereof, as shown at 12 in Figs. l and 2, While the outlet connection from the separating-chamber to the vaporizing-tube is at 13, extending from the upper central` portion of the separating-chamber. Any convenient connection may be employed; but preferably the Vaporizing-tube has a threaded extension 9a. in line with the oppositely-threaded extension 13 from .the separating-chamber, and the threaded union 14 is employed to couple the two together. A discharge-tube 15 may be connected to the lower portion of the separating-chamber 11 and extended out through the surrounding lamp-casing in any convenient manner, as by passing it through the washer 24, let into an opening in the glass globe 2. This dischargetube 15 may be provided with a valve 16, preferably outside of the casing, or it may dischargeinto a larger receptacle. (Not shown.)

While the use of the separating-chamber alone may suffice to free the oil from the tar and other impurities, I prefer to also employ a preheating and filtering device in the line of the oil connections to the separating-chamber. Such apparatus may comprise a filtertube 17, also inclined slightly to the horizontal plane, having the oil-inlet at its upper end 22, while its lower end 21 is connected by the tube 2O to the separating-chamber. This preheating-tube 17 is preferably given a filtering action also by filling it with a quantity of finely-divided.material 18, confined between the wire-ganzes 19 19, located at either end of the tube. I preferably employ also a heat-shield 23 just above the Vaporizing-tube and between it and the tube 17. In the vaporizing-tube I may employ a thermostatically-operated valve 25 to automatically control the admission of oil and vapor to the vaporizing-tube.

The method of operation of, my invention is as follows: The crude-oil supply through the tube 10 is heated to a considerable degree and partially vaporized in the tube 17 and is also filtered in passing through the material 1S therein, so as to give up a considerable portion of its solid impurities and free carbon. out as a liquid by specific gravity and drains down through the pipe 2O to the separating-chamber 11. The partially-vaporized oil also passes down through said tube 20, and the whole entering the separating-chamber through the tangential discharge-pipe 12 is caused to circulate about the separatingchamber, The tar and other impurities of greater specific gravity will be thrown off to the circumference and drained down into the bottom of the separating-chamber and through the discharge-tube 15. 'lhe oil and vapor being lighter will be forced to the center and pass up through t-he connection 13 to the lower end of the vaporizing-tnbe 7, where the complete va porization of the oil and superheating of the vapor will be accomplished and the vapor discharged through the orifice 8 down into the mixing-tube G in the wellknown way. The tar depositing in Ithe vaporizing-tube 7 will also drain back into the separating-chamber 1l. At proper intervals the filtering material 1S may be removed from the tube 17 and clean material substituted, and the accumulation of tar in the separating-chamber may be drawn off through the discharge-tube 15.

The advantages of my invention comprise principally the feature of complete drainage of the preheating; filtering, and vaporizing system into one separating-chamber and also the effective separation of the oil and vapor from the heavierim pu rities by centrifugal action in said separati11g-chamber. These features of the invention enable me to use crude oil, which costs two or three cents a gallon, and eflect the saving of three-fourths of the full cost which the use of retined keroseneoil would entail. I find that lamps equipped with my invention will burn continuously for at least one nights time on crude oil without attention. The tar and other materials eliminated from the oil are also of commercial value when collected in quantities. The location of the separating-chamber and the connecting-tube 2O within the lamp-cas- The tar contained therein separates ing keeps them in a highly-heated condition and prevents the partial condensation of the vapor and the cooling of the heated oil which would result if they werelocated outside of the lamp-casing. The employment of flexible tubes and the arrangement of threaded connections shown also make the assembling of the parts of the apparatus or their removal extremely simple and convenient.

Itis evident, ofcourse, that various changes could be made in the details of construction illustrated without departing` from the spirit and scope of' my invention so long the relative arrangement of parts or the principle of operation disclosed is preserved. Other lforms of separating-chamber and connections might be substituted, and the filtering prcheatingchamber might be of different form or might be dispensed with entirely. The connections might be varied and other arrangements of piping and valves substituted; but all such modifications l should still consider within the boundaries of my invention.

Having, therefore, described my in vention, what I claim as new, and desire to prot-ect by Letters Patent, is-

1. rlhe combination in a vapor-burning apparatus of the mixing-tube, the oil-supply connection, a vapor-burner, and the Vaporizing-tube inclined slightly to the horizontal plane and having the discharge-opening in the higher end over the mouth of the mixingtube, together with the filter in the iine ofthe oil connections located over the vapor-burner.

2. The combination in a vapor-burning apparatus of the mixing-tube, the oil-supply connection, a vapor-burner, and the Vaporizing-tube inclined slightly to the horizontal plane and having the discharge-opening in the higher end over the mouth of the mixingtube, together with the filter in the line of the oil connections also located over the vaporburner, said filter comprising a tube also inclined to the horizontal plane and having the oil-inlet at its higher end.

3. The combination of the vapor-burning lamp and chimney therefor, the vaporizingtube and the filter extending across the lampchimney, both inclined to the horizontal plane, and the tube connecting the lower portions of the vaporizing-tube and filter, located within said chimney.

4f. The combination in a vapor-burning apparatus of the mixing-tube, the oil-supply connection, a vapor-burner, and the Vaporizing-tube inclined slightly to the horizontal plane and having the discharge-opening in V the higher end over the mouth of the mixingtube, together with the separati11g-chamber located in the line of the oil-supply connections.

5. The combination in a vapor-burning apparatus of the mixing-tube, the oil-supply connection, a vapor-burner, and the Vaporizing-tube inclined slightly to the horizontal plane and having the discharge-opening in the higher end over the mouth of the mixing- IOO IIO

tube, together with the separating-chamber located in the line of the oil-su pply connec= tions, and the valve-controlled outlet from said separating-chamber.

6. The combination in a vapor-burning apparatus of the mixing-tube, the oil-supply connection, a vapor-burner, and the vaporizing-tube inclined slightly to the horizontal plane and having the discharge-opening in the higher end over the mouthof the mixingtube, together with the separating-chamber located in the line of the oil-supply connections, and below the oil-inlet to the vaporizing-tube.

7. The combination in a vapor-burning apparatus of the mixing-tube, the oil-sup ply connection, a vapor-burner, and the vaporizingtube inclined slightly tothe horizontal plane and Dhaving the discharge-opening in the higher end over the mouth ofthe mixing-tube, together with the separating-chamber located in the line of the oil-supply connections and below the oil-inlet to the vaporizing-tube, and

the valve-controlled outlet from the bottom of'V said separating-chamber.

8. The combination in a vapor-burning apparatus of the mixing-tube, the oil-supply connection, a vapor-burner, and the vaporizing-tube inclined slightlyT to the horizontal plane and having the discharge-opening in the higher end over the moiith of the mixingtube, together with the lter in the line of the oil connections also located over the Vapor-burner, and the separating-chamber in the line of connections from the filter to the vaporizing-tube.

9. The combination in a vapor-burning apparatus of the mixing-tube, the oil-supply connection, a vapor-burner, and the vaporizing-tube inclined slight-ly to the horizontal plane and having the discharge-opening in the higher end over the mouth of the mixingtube, together with the filter in the line of the oil connections also located` over the vapor-burner, said filter comprising a tube also inclined to the horizontal plane and havingthe oil-inlet at its higher end, and the separating-chamber in the line of connections from the lter to the vaporizing-tube.

10. The combination in a vapor-burning apparatus of the mixing-tube, the oil-supply connection, a vapor-burner, and the vaporizing-tube inclined slightly to the horizontal plane and having the discharge-opening in the higher end over the mouth of the mixingtube, together' with the filter in the line of the oil connections also located over the vapor-burner, Said filter comprising a tube also inclined to the horizontal plane and having the oil-inlet at its higherend, and the separating-chamber in the line of connections from the filter to the vaporizing-tube, said separating-chamber being located below the level of the inlet to the vaporizing-tube.

11. The combination in a vapor-burning apparatus of the mixing-tube, the `oil-supply connection, a vapor-burner, and the vaporizing-tube inclined slightly to the horizontal plane and having the discharge-opening in the higher end over the mouth of the mixing-tube, together with the filter in the line of the oil connections also located over the vaporburner, said iilter comprising a tube also inclined to the horizontal plane and having the oil-inlet at its highervend, and the separatingchamber in the line of connections from the filter to the vaporizing-tube, said separatingchamber beingl located below the level of the inlet to the vaporizing-tube, together with the inclosing casing surrounding the vaporburner and the separating-chamber.

12. The combination of the vapor-burning lamp and chimney therefor, the vaporizingtube, and the filter extending across the lam pchimney,both inclined to the horizontal plane, and the tube connecting the lower portions of the vaporizing-tube and filter located within said chimney, the globe and casing below said chimney7 together forming an inclosing casing within which the vapor-burning apparatus is located, and the separating-chamber in the line of connections from filter to vaporizing-tube also located within said inclosing casing.

13. The combination of the vapor-burning lamp and chimney therefor, the vaporizingtube and the filter extending across the lampchimney,both inclined to the horizontal plane,

and the tube connecting the lower portions of the vaporizing-tube and filter, located within said chimney, the globe, and casing belowv said chimney together forming an inclosing casing within which the vapor-burning apparatus is located, and the separating-chamber in the line of connections from ilter to vapor- .izing-tube also located within said inclosing casing, together with the discharge-tube eX- tending` from the lower part of the separating-chamber through the inclosing casing and provided with a Valve outside said casing.

' 14. The combination of the vapor-burner,

'the vaporizing-tube in the heating zone ofthe Signed at New York, N. Y., this 27th day of February, 1900. y

ARTHUR KITSON.

Witnesses:

W. H. PUMPHREY, R. GERBRAOHT, Jr.

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